Rosa Parks Rosa parks was born on February 4,1913, Essay Example For Students

Rosa Parks Rosa parks was born on February 4,1913, Essay in Tuskegee, Alabama. She was a civil rights leader. She attended Alabama State College, worked as a seamstress and as a housekeeper. Her father, James McCauley, was a carpenter, and her mother, Leona (Edwards) McCauley was a teacher. Rosa P. had one younger brother named, Sylvester. Her family lived in Tuskegee. When Rosa was two years-old her parents split up and she, her mother, and her brother moved to her grandparents farm in Nearby Pine Level, Alabama. Her grandparents were one of the few black families who owned their own land, rather than work for someone else. Although they were poor, they were able to raise enough food for all. During the first half of this century for all blacks living in America skin color affected every part of their lives. The South in particular was very racist. Slavery had been abolished only by some fifty years earlier, and blacks were still hated and were feared by whites because of skin color. Jim Crow had a law separate but equal. The Supreme Court ruled in 1896, that equal protection could not mean separate but equal facilities. Blacks were made to feel inferior to whites in every way. They were restricted in their choices of housing and jobs, were forced to attend segregated schools, and were prohibited from using many restaurants, movie theaters. Rosa Parks said, years later, Whites would accuse you of causing trouble when all of you were doing was acting like a normal human being, instead of crining. You didnt have to wait for a lynching. You died each time you found yourself face to face with this kind of discrimination. Rosa Parks didnt like attending a poor, one-room school, with few books or supplies, not being able to stop on her way home from school to get a soda or a candybar. She hated how they were parts for blacks like restaurants, trains, and bus and even being forced to give up her seat for a white person. Rosas mother, Leona McCauley, worked as a teacher, and the whole family knew the value of education. Rosa attended the local black elementary school, where her mother was the only teacher. When she graduated, the family worked hard to save enough money to send her to a private school for black girls. At the age of 11 she began to attend Montgomery Industrial School for Girls. At the age of 13, she started a Booker T. Washington Junior High, a black public school in Montgomery. When she graduated, two years later no public high schools in Montgomery were open to black students, who were then forced to abandon their education. The McCauley family was determined that Rosa would succeed, and they worked together to raise enough money to send her to Alabama State College to finish her high school classes. When Rosa was close to graduating, though , the family fell on hard times and could no longer afford schools, etc. Her grandfather had died a few years earlier, and her grandmother became ill. Rosa decided to leave school for a while to help take care for her and to help out on the family farm. Her grandmother died soon after, and then her mother also became ill. Rosa was forced to abandon her classes for good. In 1931, Rosa met and fell in love with Raymond Parks, a barber who was active in civil rights causes. They were married in 1932 and settled in Montgomery. Raymond Parks encouraged Rosa to finish her education, and she received her high school diploma from Alabama State College in 1933. After her marriage, Rosa Parks worked at several different jobs, as an insurance saleswoman and as a seamstress, doing alterrations either in a shop or in peoples homes. Through the Depression, both Parks and her husband were fortunate to be able to find regular work. Leaders in the black community planned the strategy to challenge parks arrest, because she sat in a white seat in a bus. .u152bbec39493fe1e1a2ded870820c369 , .u152bbec39493fe1e1a2ded870820c369 .postImageUrl , .u152bbec39493fe1e1a2ded870820c369 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u152bbec39493fe1e1a2ded870820c369 , .u152bbec39493fe1e1a2ded870820c369:hover , .u152bbec39493fe1e1a2ded870820c369:visited , .u152bbec39493fe1e1a2ded870820c369:active { border:0!important; } .u152bbec39493fe1e1a2ded870820c369 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u152bbec39493fe1e1a2ded870820c369 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u152bbec39493fe1e1a2ded870820c369:active , .u152bbec39493fe1e1a2ded870820c369:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u152bbec39493fe1e1a2ded870820c369 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u152bbec39493fe1e1a2ded870820c369 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u152bbec39493fe1e1a2ded870820c369 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u152bbec39493fe1e1a2ded870820c369 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u152bbec39493fe1e1a2ded870820c369:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u152bbec39493fe1e1a2ded870820c369 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u152bbec39493fe1e1a2ded870820c369 .u152bbec39493fe1e1a2ded870820c369-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u152bbec39493fe1e1a2ded870820c369:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Breakfast Club (Intercommunications) Essay To protest the unfair treatment and to show their strengh, they decided to stage a one- day boycott of the citys buses on the coming Monday. 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Risk Management Credit Risk Modeling

Question: Describe about the Risk Management for Credit Risk Modeling. Answer: Introduction Hubicki (2014) depicts that a Risk management plan is useful as it reduces the unexpected projects risks and an effective risk plan can reduce the probability of the risk for that organization up to 80-90%. In this assessment, an effective formulation of the risk management plan will be discussed along with some evidence. Pritchard and PMP (2014) defines that a proper balance risk management plan comprises of six steps- risk identification risk register, risk analysis methods, identification of the risk triggers, risk resolution ideas, risk resolution action plan and responsibility and accountability. Finally, the assessment will be wrapped up with an overall conclusion for the entire discussion. Discussion Risk identification risk register Kendrick (2015) depicts that risk identification can be made by evaluating the previous financial reports and going through various project documents and departments. Taken for example, in the US the trend of food requirement is changing from time to time. Thus, in Domino's, if the managing authority will not focus on the changing requirement of the evolved risk the organization will not be able to attain enough profit. Ryu et al. (2016) states that all the probability of the risk and the previous experience should be maintained in a log called Risk log or Risk register. Risk analysis methods Risk can be analyzed through the PI matrix shown in the image below. Image 1: PI matrix (Source: Bluhm et al., 2016) Bluhm et al. (2016) defines that in this way, the probability and impactof the risk can be analyzed so that the organization can assess the risks of the cost, time and resource factors accurately. Identification of the risk triggers In this context the risk management planning teamis divided into teams and each team is responsible for handling for small modules of the system. In this way, the major reason for the risk can be easily identified and effective measure can be taken. Risk resolution ideas The team identifies and document preventive actions for the evolved risks and their next is to enhance actions for the opportunities such as financial Risk reports, IT Risk Reports and HR Risk Reports. Risk resolution action plan Pritchard and PMP (2014) mentions that based on the ideas of the risk management teams, project manager implements risk resolution. In this scenario, these manager works mostly on the risk that has high P-I value at the onset of a project. In this way, the time, cost and resources can be saved from future adversity. Responsibility and accountability A master list is prepared in this context, and an owner is assigned to each risk on the master list. This can be accomplished through the Responsibility Assignment Matrix is shown in the figure below and one example for such Responsibility Assignment Matrix is illustrated in Appendix, Figure 1. Image 2: Responsibility Assignment Matrix (Source: Kerzner, 2013) Kerzner (2013) depicts that at last project manager is solely accountable to the sponsor of the projects and it is the liability of the manager to deliver a risk-free project to their clients. Conclusion Thus, it can be concluded that an effective risk management system comprises of six steps and on assessing these six steps efficiently risk can be diminished from projects. One of the major steps in evaluating the risk is to divide the risk management team and then evaluate small modules per team at a time. In this way, the time will be easy to assess the risk and the project managers can suggest an effective solution before the delivery of the final project to the client. Reference list Bluhm, C., Overbeck, L., Wagner, C. (2016).Introduction to credit risk modeling. Crc Press. Hubicki, M. (2014). Risk Management Plan. Kendrick, T. (2015).Identifying and managing project risk: essential tools for failure-proofing your project. AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn. Kerzner, H. R. (2013).Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. Pritchard, C. L., PMP, P. R. (2014).Risk management: concepts and guidance. CRC Press. Ryu, C., Lim, S. Y., Suh, M. (2016). Project Risk Management in RD Organizations: A Survey on Risk Register from Korean companies.The Journal of Modern Project Management,4(2).

Global Hotels and Momma’s Motels free essay sample

Suppose you work in the IT department of Global Hotels, a multinational hotel chain. Global Hotels runs several specialized business support systems, including a guest reservations system that was developed in-house to meet the requirements of a large company with worldwide operations. Guests can make one-stop online reservations by visiting Global’s Web site, which has links to all major travel industry sites. Global Hotels just acquired Momma’s, a regional chain of 20 motels in western Canada. Momma’s uses a vertical reservations package suitable for small- to medium-sized businesses, and a generic accounting and finance package. Should Momma’s use Global Hotels’ information systems or continue with its own? In your answer, consider issues such as business profiles, business processes, system interactivity, EDI, XML, e-commerce, and the characteristics of both information systems. What additional information would be helpful to you in making a recommendation? 29 Systems Planning The Information Technology Department Systems Support and Security Systems support and security provides vital protection and maintenance services for system hardware and software, including enterprise computing systems, networks, transaction processing systems, and corporate IT infrastructure. We will write a custom essay sample on Global Hotels and Momma’s Motels or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The systems support and security group implements and monitors physical and electronic security hardware, software, and procedures. This group also installs and supports operating systems, telecommunications software, and centralized database management systems. In addition, systems support and security technicians provide technical assistance to other groups in the IT department. If a site has a large number of remote clients, the systems support group often includes a deployment team that installs and configures the workstations. User Support User support provides users with technical information, training, and productivity support. The user support function usually is called a help desk or information center (IC). A help desk’s staff trains users and managers on application software such as e-mail, word processing spreadsheets, and graphics packages. User support specialists answer questions, troubleshoot problems, and serve as a clearinghouse for user problems and solutions. Database Administration Database administration involves data design, management, security, backup, and access. In small- and medium-sized companies, an IT support person performs those roles in addition to other duties. Regardless of company size, mission-critical database applications require continuous attention and technical support. Network Administration Business operations depend on networks that enable company-wide information systems. Network administration includes hardware and software maintenance, support, and security. In addition to controlling user access, network administrators install, configure, manage, monitor, and maintain network applications. Network administration is discussed in more detail in Chapter 10. Web Support Web support is a vital technical support function. Web support specialists design and construct Web pages, monitor traffic, manage hardware and software, and link Web-based applications to the company’s information systems. Reliable, high-quality Web support is especially critical for companies engaged in e-commerce. Quality Assurance (QA) Many large IT departments also use a quality assurance (QA) team that reviews and tests all applications and systems changes to verify specifications and software quality standards. The QA team usually is a separate unit that reports directly to IT management

Free Essays on Vietnam 1975

On April 30, 1975, Saigon fell. This was the unofficial mark of the impending victory for North Vietnam in the Vietnam War. Even with the self-assured Americans on the side of the South, the North still came out victorious, making America look rather foolish for involving themselves in a war many thought they should not have been participating in. The war was a natural divider for Vietnam, in which the North & South ironically were at war actually trying to unite the country from their respective views. However, the question was after the North victory in 1975, how will the country reconstruct and could it ever unite itself? Moreover, even with unification of the country, could there ever be a peace between the north and south sides of Vietnam? Looking at the past from the fall of Saigon to this point in time, I would say no for several different reasons, but not because there is no â€Å"peace† in Vietnam. The New Socialist Republic of Vietnam faced several challenges after the war. The first and the still most challenging thing to accomplish in Vietnam was the unification of the North & South. After going to war for just about a decade, The Socialist Republic of Vietnam had to face the daunting task of uniting 24 million Vietnamese from the North and 22 million Vietnamese from the South into one Socialist happy family. By virtue of winning the war, it’s almost as if the North just won more strife and violence for the people of Vietnam, rather than the peace and unification of one state both sides were striding for. For instance, most southern officials, religious practitioners and soldiers were placed in â€Å"reeducation camps†, while most trusted party members, who just happened to Northerners, were placed in positions of authority. In 1978, as the Socialist Republic of Vietnam announced the nationalization of industry and commerce, it also extended the collectivizati on of agriculture towards the South, but this was greeted with... Free Essays on Vietnam 1975 Free Essays on Vietnam 1975 On April 30, 1975, Saigon fell. This was the unofficial mark of the impending victory for North Vietnam in the Vietnam War. Even with the self-assured Americans on the side of the South, the North still came out victorious, making America look rather foolish for involving themselves in a war many thought they should not have been participating in. The war was a natural divider for Vietnam, in which the North & South ironically were at war actually trying to unite the country from their respective views. However, the question was after the North victory in 1975, how will the country reconstruct and could it ever unite itself? Moreover, even with unification of the country, could there ever be a peace between the north and south sides of Vietnam? Looking at the past from the fall of Saigon to this point in time, I would say no for several different reasons, but not because there is no â€Å"peace† in Vietnam. The New Socialist Republic of Vietnam faced several challenges after the war. The first and the still most challenging thing to accomplish in Vietnam was the unification of the North & South. After going to war for just about a decade, The Socialist Republic of Vietnam had to face the daunting task of uniting 24 million Vietnamese from the North and 22 million Vietnamese from the South into one Socialist happy family. By virtue of winning the war, it’s almost as if the North just won more strife and violence for the people of Vietnam, rather than the peace and unification of one state both sides were striding for. For instance, most southern officials, religious practitioners and soldiers were placed in â€Å"reeducation camps†, while most trusted party members, who just happened to Northerners, were placed in positions of authority. In 1978, as the Socialist Republic of Vietnam announced the nationalization of industry and commerce, it also extended the collectivizati on of agriculture towards the South, but this was greeted with...

Question set 5 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Question set 5 - Assignment Example Contrast the expectations of transactional and transformational leaders. The four different factors associated with Bass’s theory of transformational leadership are individual consideration, intellectual stimulation, inspiration, and idealized influence. Individual consideration places an emphasis on what the group member needs, intellectual stimulation ensures that the leader seeks ideas from the group and encourages them to contribute, inspiration gives meaning to the task at hand, and idealized influence refers to the leader becoming a full-fledged role model. An example of a leader who exhibits all of these factors, and not just one or two of them was found in Steve Jobs, who worked to ensure that he and his employees transformed the business world. Transactional leaders, or managerial leaders focus instead on the role of supervision, organization, and group leadership, in which the leader works to promote compliance in their followers based on a reward/punishment system. 2. Team Leadership. Describe the role of leadership within teams. What are the primary reasons that teams fail? What can ensure team success? Give a personal example of team success. A team must always have a leader, and as such, there are certain characteristics that comprise the role of leadership within a team. The leader must keep the team to a specific purpose, they must have the knowledge to judge and act prudently, they must accept their authority over the team, use that power to make decisions, and at the same time recognize that those decisions affect all members of the team, and as such should only be used to further the shared purpose of the team itself, and finally, the leader must be trustworthy; the team must know, understand, and recognize that the decisions the leader makes are for the common goal. Teams may fail because they lack shared values, shared objectives, shared activities, a poor leader, or lack the ability to accurately gauge their progress. In order to en sure team success, the team must have a strong leader, all work must be divided equally, all members must be held accountable for their share of the work, and progress must be made in a timely fashion. One personal example of team success would be working with several other students to start and complete a group assignment for school and have it submitted before the due date. 3. Negative Leadership. This week there were two case studies: Mayor Rudolph Giuliani, Knight of the British Empire and Chuck MacKinnon. In reviewing the two cases, address the following questions: a. Mayor Rudolph Giuliani, Knight of the British Empire: What are the elements that lead to Giuliani’s miraculous transformation? What lessons could corporations with negative public reputations learn from this case? b. Chuck MacKinnon: Where might MacKinnon have gone wrong? What did he do well and what were his most significant mistakes? Was his management style to blame? What could be done to fix things now? What lessons can you take away from this case to become a better leader? The main elements that lead to former New York City Mayor Rudolph Giuliani’s transformation from a person who was not well liked or well respected into a true leader were not the decreased crime rate that he worked to bring about, nor the implementation of budget discipline, but were through the practical

Discussion Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 80

Discussion - Assignment Example The problem with municipal bonds are predictable as they pay twice in a year, and a sale of the bonds virtually guarantees the present market price for the bond, which may be less or more than the first release price, obviously without the additional penalties. However; they carry comparatively low interest rate relative to the other types of securities. High yield low quality bonds are very risky on the long haul compared to the higher quality bonds. Their vulnerability to economic and credit risk is obvious, as they are unrated from agencies such as Standard & Poor’s or Moody. In securities investment, it is always advisable to diversify one’s investment in different classes and categories of investment, and pooling of resources in one investment bag can be counterproductive especially in high risk bonds such as the lower quality bonds. Instead of investing in five of the 15-year corporate bonds; he should have appropriated in different bond classes. Investing in different bonds ensures that a fall in price as a result of low high interest in one class of bond is compensated with a high price as a result of low interest in another class of

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Management

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Management Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a multi-system disorder, resulting in multiple comorbidities and being the fourth common cause of mortality worldwide (1). Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in COPD, through manifestations such as ischemic heart disease, heart failure, arrhythmias, stroke and sudden cardiac death (2,3). Moreover, in the last years, a tendency to paradigm shift occured, the chronic respiratory disease itself being defined as a modifiable cardiovascular risk factor (4,5). This interaction between COPD and cardiovascular disease could be explained either by shared risk factors (aging, smoking, exposure to air pollution and passive smoke, underprescribing of key cardiovascular medication, such as ÃŽ ²-blockers) or mechanisms of increased risk that are incompletely understood, beyond the conventional risk factors (4,6). There is increasing evidence that COPD negatively affect the cardiovascular and autonomic nervous system, leading to sympathovagal imbalance, with increased sympathetic tone, loss of parasympathetic tone and altered baroreceptor sensitivity, which are essential components of cardiovascular risk (7-9). Recurrent episodes of hypoxemia and/or hypercapnea, intrathoracic pressure swings resulting from airway obstruction and hyperinflation, systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, increased respiratory effort and physical inactivity can all be involved in autonomic dysfunction observed in COPD (8-10). Patients with COPD and functional alterations of cardiac autonomic modulation tend to have an elevated resting heart rate (11-13), reduced heart rate variability (HRV) (14), altered blood pressure variability (BPV) (15), an increase in muscle sympathetic nerve activity (16), reduced baroreflex sensitivity (17) and increased plasma norepinephrine level (9). Other clincal findings related to sympathetic overdrive in COPD could be arterial stiffness, altered PWV and arterial compliance, as well as left ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction which may occur through direct effect of tone, modulation of baroreceptor sensitivity or activation of the renin-angiotensin system (4, 18-22). Hypoxemia, hypercapnia, pulmonary hyperinflation and activity avoidance are involved in developping cardiac autonomic dysfunction but on the other hand, these mechanisms are also responsible for exertional dyspnea and skeletal muscle deconditioning, including respiratory muscle dysfunction, in COPD patients (23,24). Thus develops a vicious spiral of physical deconditioning, impaired quality of life and early development of cardiovascular comorbidities, leading eventually to increased hospitalization and mortality (25). The golden standard in COPD management is pulmonary rehabilitation, based on its main benefits, as resulted from clinical trials: improved exercise capacity and health-related quality of life, reduced symptoms and recovery after hospitalization, decreased anxiety and depression, shortening the number of hospitalizations and days in the hospital (1, 26-28). The impact of cardiovascular comorbidities on clinical outcomes of pulmonary rehabilitation and vice versa is only partially investigated and understood. It seems that patients with metabolic and heart diseases might achieve lower degrees of improvement in exercise capacity or quality of life, but conflicting results from clinical trials have been published (29). Moreover, it is still unclear if pulmonary rehabilitation programs address cardiovascular risk factors in COPD patients, but there are encouraging results (30). Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) is a particular component of pulmonary rehabilitation, arising from the finding that inspiratory muscle dysfunction is an extrapulmonary manifestation of the disease which is often present in COPD patients. Inspiratory muscle weakness is defined as a maximal inspiratory mouth pressure (PI,max) of less than 60 cmH2O (31) and can be measured with handheld, electronic portable devices, providing automatically processed information on external inspiratory work, power and breathing pattern during loaded breathing tasks in patients with COPD. A recent study concluded that these information are valid estimation of physical units of energy during loaded breathing tasks, enabling healthcare providers to measure PI,max, peak inspiratory flow and quantify the load on inspiratory muscles in daily clinical practice (32). Also, it has been developed various pressure threshold loading medical devices, for standardized training, according to current recommendations although there is no established guideline yet (33). The impact of IMT was extensively studied in recent years. Results from randomised controlled trials in patients with COPD show that IMT as a stand-alone therapy improves strength and endurance of inspiratory muscles, improves symptoms (dyspnea) and exercise capacity (31,34). In a meta-analysis including 32 randomised controlled trials (31), IMT and its effects in patients with COPD were analysed and improved inspiratory muscle strength (+ 13 cmH2O; 95% CI 0.54-0.82; p